ROMASE

ROMASE investigates an innovative strategy to reduce the out‑of‑plane seismic vulnerability of masonry‑infilled reinforced concrete (RC) buildings—one of the most critical and life‑threatening failure modes observed during earthquakes. The project employs the same lightweight cold‑formed steel exoskeleton developed in the LISESMACS project, but adapts it specifically to enhance the stability and out‑of‑plane resistance of infill panels.

The exoskeleton consists of modular vertical and horizontal steel profiles arranged in a grid pattern and anchored externally to the building façade. This configuration provides a stabilizing “shell” that restrains out‑of‑plane displacements of masonry infills without intrusive interior interventions or major architectural modifications.

The experimental campaign focuses on single‑story, single‑bay RC frames with masonry infills, tested under quasi‑static out‑of‑plane loading both in their unstrengthened condition and after installation of the exoskeleton. By testing the same specimens before and after strengthening, ROMASE provides clear evidence of the exoskeleton’s ability to prevent instability, delay collapse mechanisms, and significantly increase safety margins.

Social Impact

In many seismic regions, communities live and work in RC buildings whose masonry infills are highly vulnerable to out‑of‑plane collapse. Traditional strengthening methods are often costly, invasive, or incompatible with occupied or heritage buildings. ROMASE provides a cost‑effective, architecturally compatible, and community‑friendly alternative that enhances safety while preserving building functionality and appearance.

By reducing the likelihood of sudden out‑of‑plane failures, the project contributes to greater seismic resilience, safer urban environments, and faster recovery after earthquakes. Its emphasis on simplicity, accessibility, and minimal disruption makes ROMASE a promising tool for protecting both people and the built heritage that shapes many historic and modern communities.

Practical Implications

ROMASE aims to deliver a practical, modular, and easily deployable solution for a widespread and dangerous seismic deficiency. Out‑of‑plane failures often occur suddenly and with little warning, making them particularly hazardous for occupants and passers‑by. The lightweight steel exoskeleton offers a non‑intrusive retrofit that can be installed rapidly, without disrupting building use, and without requiring invasive interior work. Its modularity allows engineers to tailor the intervention to different building geometries and performance needs, making it suitable for both preventive strengthening and post‑earthquake emergency stabilization.